To prove that it is an A.P, just take the n-th term and minus away the (n-1)-th term. Do the same for the (n-1)-th term and minus away the (n-2)-th term. Verify that both are the same. Of course, say that n is more than 2.
The first term just let n = 1 --> p + q
The common difference just take the answer above.
Anyway, Maths Forum over liao. Next time ask your teacher.